Archives de catégorie : Video Marketing

Brands Post 13 Snapchat Stories a Month

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A graph showing the frequency of Story posts from brands

Thursdays, Fridays and Saturdays were the biggest days for brands posting Snapchat Stories in Q4 2016, according to a Snaplytics report. Moving away from Saturday’s dominance in Q3, each of the three day accounted for 17 per cent of weekly posts, with brands posting 13 Stories per month on average.

The report studied 217,000 posts from 500 brands in Q4, including 24,180 Stories. The average number of ‘snaps’ per Story was 11.3 – another figure that has risen, from 10.7 in Q1.

This led to a drop in average completion rate for Stories, however, down from 93 per cent in Q1 to 88 per cent in Q4. The verticals performing best for completion rate are travel leisure and advertising marketing, both at 91 per cent. At the bottom of the list are fashion lifestyle and beauty, at 85 per cent.

Video accounted for 61 per cent of the content posted by brands on Snapchat. Video’s share steadily increased across the course of the year, up from 56 per cent in Q1 – but it is still the minority for some verticals.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, broadcasting entertainment brands were most likely to post video content (67 per cent), followed by beauty (65 per cent). Luxury goods, meanwhile, is the least likely (just 33 per cent).

The report also found that the most common way that Snapchat users find a brand’s account is through its username, accounting for 64 per cent of discovery.

“Snapchat is unique because it allows businesses to connect with people in the moment and offer a different brand experience,” said Snaplytics founder and CEO Thomas Cilius. “It’s the only social network where marketers aren’t seeing a decline in reach.

“With 161m daily active users on Snapchat, brands are quickly learning this is the go-to outlet because it allows them to engage their brand ambassadors and deliver content that really resonates with people, in real time.”

What GM’s Live Video Says About Content Marketing Strategy In 2017

Last January, GM became the first automaker to use Facebook Live. Fittingly, instead of streaming from a motor show, as Nissan had done the previous year when it broadcast on Ustream the launch of the Maxima at the New York Auto Show, GM chose to offer the first view of its new electric vehicle at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES).

Introducing the 2017 Chevrolet Bolt EV, Mary Barra, chairman and CEO of GM, explained how the company met frequently with senior leaders at Facebook, and she expressed her excitement at being the first automaker to use the social media giant’s new live video feature. She then described the company’s new electric vehicle and talked the audience through the car’s sales points. Altogether the 25-minute video won around 24,500 views and was accompanied by a second 360-degree video that allowed viewers to look around the interior.

Those viewing figures were clearly much smaller than the audience that a traditional peak-time television commercial would bring, but the video made up just one small part of a comprehensive content marketing strategy.

In a discussion with ecological driving website GreenCarReports later that year, Darin Gesse, a marketing executive with responsibility for Chevrolet’s Volt plug-in hybrid and the new Bolt, explained that the carmaker was planning to use “much more targeted marketing methods, messages, and channels to find buyers” who had purchased similar models. The focus would be on digital technology coverage with media buys in Wired and Scientific American. Billboards were aimed at technology commuters in California. The commercial released before the launch was distributed online instead of on television, and replaced the usual shots of winding roads and driving fun with images of the car’s parts and its drive system:

So where did live video broadcast fit into that content strategy? What did it bring that other forms of content missed, and what can other businesses learn about the way that GM used live video as part of its campaign?

The format’s biggest appeal would have been not the size of the audience that live video brought but the nature of that audience. Darin Gesse admitted that Bolt buyers often know more about the car than the brand’s dealers; they’ve done their research, they know exactly what they want to buy and why they want to buy it. Although only a small fraction of Chevrolet’s 17 million Facebook followers watched the video, they would have been the people keenest to make a purchase and the people most likely to talk about the car with their friends.

Live video, then, is content that reaches directly to a brand’s most loyal customers and its key influencers. Brands can think of it as a particularly powerful weapon in Facebook’s finely targeted arsenal. That’s because the great advantage of social media in general — and Facebook in particular — is the ability to use demographic data to reach precisely the audience most likely to respond. Because live video demands a commitment of time that the brand, not the audience, chooses, brands can be certain that the people who accept that demand will be its most enthusiastic customers. That isn’t to say brands should never aim for a broader audience, but live video will attract the most loyal buyers.

It’s also interactive in a way that no other content format can be. As Mary Barra was giving her presentation at CES, Chevrolet’s social media team was busy reacting to the comments the viewers were posting on Facebook. They were able to answer questions and share the online video commercial with people who wanted to know more. Fans were given a personal connection to their favorite brand.

How Video Marketing Can Transform Your Funnel

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The way your customers consume content continues to evolve. Video marketing is all the rage and continues to be a hot topic for brands large and small.

With the rise of live video and video content, we’re viewing more content than we ever have before. We’re learning through each view. We’re finding new audiences that engage with our material. We’re including innovative storytelling and unique ways to grab attention and build relationships.

How are you leveraging video marketing for your audience?

This may seem like a loaded question. It’s about your video platform. It’s also about the story you’re trying to tell. According to findings by HubSpot, 64% of users are more likely to buy a product online after watching a video.

Whether that story is to advertise a product or service, deliver information, provide entertainment, or build trust, that’s up to you.

Video marketing takes on many forms. From the big brands that are able to display ads on Snapchat to the small business owners looking to make a splash with video, remember your target audience and create a unique experience to get ahead of the game.

Go Live on Social Platforms

Your social media feeds are filling up with live video. If you have something to announce or promote, go live on your company’s Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram, or Twitter feed. Understand that each platform has a different audience, so put snippets of information on each platform to keep them interested and engaged.

Audiences love live video because it’s authentic content. It’s an immediate reaction and message directly to your audience. There’s no script; there’s no editing and master versions.

Of the companies that have experimented with Facebook Live, 78% said that the platform was an effective marketing tool.

Why Use Live Video?

Show your human side. Provide a sneak peek into company events or new products. Live video has the chance to become the face of your business. As a marketer, you want to reach the highest number of people.

  • Communicate Corporate or Organizational Values
  • Create Relationships Communicate With Your Audience
  • Showcase Your Brand
  • Conduct a QA Session to Learn About Your Followers

Pick your channel appropriately. Attract your audience and increase your following. Whether your audience is on Facebook, Instagram, or Snapchat, develop a strategy to reach them. Don’t be in all places at once.

Snapchat and Instagram users like quick, consumable content. You can also try Stories, which are videos and photos that disappear after 24 hours (and coming to Facebook soon). Facebook users may watch a short video or a longer form video. Know your audience and deliver content that appeals to your users.

Gary Vaynerchuk has built a personal brand with video marketing, using Instagram Live, Snapchat, and YouTube daily mashups to build awareness and market himself. Jay Shetty is an international motivational speaker that speaks on Facebook Live and holds QA’s on Huffington Post and other platforms. Both go viral, and both have adapted to the changing video landscape. Take a lesson from these two entrepreneurs to master your video marketing strategy.

For brand audiences, according to Livestream, 80% of users would rather watch a live video than read a blog post and 82% prefer live video to regular social media posts.

As a brand, there’s no better opportunity to humanize yourself and engage in a one-on-one conversation with your audience than through live video on social media. Leverage that for your brand.

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My company, 1SEO.com Digital Agency, often uses video to reach a wider audience.

Utilize Video Advertisements

Boosting and displaying video advertisements allows you to hone in on your target audience. To users across mobile, social, and desktop computers, you can capture attention with brief, appealing advertisements.

Develop a cross-channel campaign—websites, social platforms, mobile devices, connected televisions—to reach users at all stages of brand discovery or the purchasing process across all devices.

In-stream video advertisements are your ads that play within other video content. It’s a great way for your brand to include a short segment in front of viewers already looking for video content. From pre-roll ads before a video plays, mid-roll ads during a piece of content, or an ad after a video plays, you have a unique opportunity to get your message heard quickly.

Keep video ads short and tight, delivering value with minimal distraction to viewers. For ads, it’s important to display strong calls to action both at the beginning and end of the video. When you invest in a quality production, your viewers will be interested and engaged.

On social media, your ads are present as your target audience is scrolling through their news feeds. Social ads are increasingly shared, resulting in a further organic reach and more chance for conversions. Your video plays on mobile and social without sound, so make sure your message is clear and you start your video with compelling images that increase conversion rates.

Pay attention to mobile video ads. Your audience is consuming video content at a rapid rate on mobile devices, and they’re paying more attention to ads they’re presented. Leverage your brand by staying ahead and taking advantage of this growing market.

Through banner ads, display video content for your brand on sites that your target audience already use regularly. This can help build trust for your brand and assist in the discovery process at key points in your audience decision making.

Videos in Your Email Campaigns

In my personal experience, emails sent out that have the word [VIDEO] in the subject line, tend to get more opens and more clicks than a subject line that doesn’t include the word video. HubSpot found that videos in an email lead to a 200-300% increase in click-through rate.

That’s not very surprising. Our inboxes are flooded with email after email. As we’re shifting to a visual world, it’s no surprise that emails with video get more interaction. It leads to success and interaction with your audience.

Your email marketing campaigns are developed for various reasons, and different types of video see different types of engagement and playback. For emails, videos with the best performance include:

  • Product Descriptions Demonstrations
  • Customer Testimonials
  • Educational Training Videos
  • Event Promotions

Whether you embed the video in your email or create a static image with a play button to indicate a video, you’ll see more interaction and an increased click-through rate from your email campaigns.

Prominently Feature Videos on Important Landing Pages

For your PPC and SEO campaigns, you rely on the power and influence of the content on your landing page to drive leads. Gain an advantage by embedding an interactive, educational video on your landing page.

According to findings by HubSpot, including a video on your landing page can increase conversion by 80%. Ads are increasingly linking directly to video landing pages.

Having a short video as a teaser to answer a question or garner interest, together with a call to action and phone number or contact box, will lead to more conversions. Videos make content easier to digest. A higher percentage of viewers will retain your message when they watch a video as compared to reading text on a landing page.

Capture the attention with a headline that stands out. Use text on the page that is easy to skim and is consumable, then feature a video above the fold that shows visitors to the page exactly what they’d be looking for from your company.

Keep your videos in line with your brand strategy. Learn what your audience is looking for from your company. Whether you’re showing how to use your software, what makes your products stand out, how to trust your services, or the value your company provides, you’ll improve your click-through rates and increase conversions.

Video Analytics to Guide Your Strategy

More and more businesses are investing in video content creation, using advanced analytics to determine much more than the basic metric of views. See how your viewers are engaging with your videos, determine a level of interest, and track more insightful measures.

Video analytics help you get more video engagement and increase your play rate. Track insights related to:

  • Impressions
  • Device Types
  • Play Rates
  • Referral Sources
  • Total Views per Viewer

When you embed a video on your site or social media, there are different tools that will help you understand how many conversions or sales are coming from your video campaigns. The most evident and most-used video metric is YouTube Insights, which gives you traffic sources, audience retention, demographics, playback locations, and more.

One of the best tools you can invest in include Wistia. This tool directly tracks engagement with your videos. You can determine which viewers finished your video and actions they take afterward. The value of Wistia is its integration into your sales funnel so you can make informed decisions.

If you’re creating videos for brand awareness purposes, you’ll find value in Brandwatch, which helps deliver key insights into the opinions of your audience. Identify more opportunities and build brand awareness.

Use video analytics to guide your strategy. With analytics, you’ll learn how effective your video marketing campaigns are, and how they complement your other marketing efforts.

Produce Create Interactive Videos for Your Audience

You may think of videos as a passive form of marketing. Audiences tend not to watch commercials and we’re often not giving our full attention to YouTube videos. According to MarketingProfs, your audience is in a shift from a passive to interactive experience, and you should be taking advantage of it.

There are various ways you can keep viewers engaged throughout an educational video with surveys, clickable URLs, and additional content that can retain user focus and drive action.

Interactive videos draw a higher engagement rate, which leads to more conversions and sales. Interactive media brings a personalized experience to your audience. They’ll view your videos longer, share more on social platforms, and interact more frequently with your content.

With consumer choice on a particular video, they’re selecting their own path to conversion. Gather insights on the intent of your audience, and generate qualified customers that help grow your business.

MarketingProfs found that 35% of marketers used a more sophisticated approach to video marketing from 2015 to 2016. Expect that trend to continue in the years ahead. Make informed decisions through video analytics, and leverage your business over your competition with a unique video approach.

Conclusion

Marketers that are ahead of the curve are using video throughout the marketing funnel and for more than just brand awareness. They’re there to educate. They’re there to entertain.

Whether organic or paid video marketing, the opportunities are endless if you take the right approach. You want to get your brand and your message in front of the right audience. Video is a powerful platform giving you tremendous opportunity.

Video marketing is one of the smartest ways to market your business. Think creatively, create content that is personal, and impact your audience with a video campaign that drives business results.

 

Featured Image: Image by BJ Bergey. Used with permission.
In-post Photo: Image by BJ Bergey. Used with permission.

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Which 2017 Super Bowl Ads Won Video Marketing’s Big Game?

Sports fans know who won Super Bowl 2017. It was the New England Patriots, who overcame a 25-point deficit in the third quarter to beat the Atlanta Falcons by a score of 34 to 28 in overtime. But, a week later, video marketers aren’t really sure which of the 2017  Super Bowl ads won the big game. Why? Well, the outcome kinda, sorta depends on which metrics you happen to use.

For example, ‘Hero’s Journey’ Starring Melissa McCarthy’ was ranked the top commercial in the 29th annual USA TODAY Ad Meter.

“Hero’s Journey” got a score of 7.47 from this year’s Ad Meter panel, beating out “All-New Honda CR-V 2017 Big Game Commercial – Yearbooks,” which got a score of 6.97. If these metrics seem a little obscure, they’re only trotted out on special occasions like the Super Bowl or Rio Olympics.

Speaking of overtime, the winner of the YouTube AdBlitz won’t be announced until Wednesday, Feb. 15. All we know at this point is the top ads (based on Game Day views) as of Monday, Feb. 6 at 2 a.m. ET. In the top spot was “Budweiser 2017 Super Bowl Commercial | ‘Born The Hard Way’.”

It was followed by “Ghost Spuds | Bud Light Super Bowl Commercial 2017 feat. Spuds MacKenzie.” But, sports fans have already learned – and video marketers should already realize by now – that knowing who was ahead last week in the AdBlitz voting is probably as irrelevant as knowing who was ahead at half-time during the Big Game.

By the way, this isn’t a scientific wild-ass guess. I’ve already looked at the Tubular Labs data for the first three days of videos related to this year’s Super Bowl. The top video from a brand – both in total views and views in its first three days – is the YouTube version of “A Better Super Bowl | NFL Hyundai Super Bowl LI.” At last count, it had 25.8 million total views. And it got 21.2 million of those views in the first three days.

In second place is the Facebook version, which is entitled, “ICYMI: These troops couldn’t be home for Super Bowl LI, so we brought home to them.” At last count, it had 9.2 million total views. And it got all 9.2 million of those views in the first three days.

However, I also looked at Tubular Labs data for engagements and saw some different results. In first place, with 135,000 total engagements (likes, shares, and comments) at last count is the Facebook version of “Watch the Official Cleaner of Super Bowl LI get dirty in his sexy new Super Bowl ad.” It is followed by “ICYMI: These troops couldn’t be home for Super Bowl LI, so we brought home to them,” which had 99,200 total engagements at last count.

If you look at engagement rate, which the number of engagements divided by the number of views, you get different results, once again. The top Super Bowl video ad – with an engagement rate 3.0x greater than average – is the YouTube version of “Google Home | 2017 Super Bowl Commercial.”

It was followed by the YouTube version of “Super Bowl Commercial 2017: Our Bar | Michelob ULTRA,” which had an engagement rate 1.2x greater than average. But wait, there’s more!

Super Bowl Brand Lift for NFL

Three days after the Big Game, the YouGov BrandIndex reported that the NFL itself came away from the Super Bowl with large spikes in consumer perception metrics, and they may have a record-setting comeback to thank for that. The NFL’s Buzz (“If you’ve heard anything about the brand in the last two weeks, through advertising, news or word of mouth, was it positive or negative?”) improved from 5.2 before the Super Bowl (Jan. 1-14). That score improved to 29.7 after the Big Game (Feb. 6-8). And the NFL’s Word of Mouth (“Which of the following brands have you talked about with friends and family in the past two weeks, whether in person, online or through social media?”) improved from 30.3 before the Big Game to 51.0 afterwards.

Following the NFL in Buzz was Avocados from Mexico, which improved its score from 3.8 before the Big Game to 21.2 afterwards. And Following the NFL in Word of Mouth was Skittles, which improved its score from 5.6 to 18.3. The YouGov BrandIndex also reported that Avocados from Mexico had the highest score when it came to improving its purchase consideration, YouGov BrandIndex’s indicator of potential sales revenue.

Avocados from Mexico had a baseline score of 14.4, before the Super Bowl (Jan. 1-14). That score improved to 29.7 after the Big Game (Feb. 6-8). In second place was Snickers, which used a live Super Bowl commercial to improve its purchase consideration from 31.3 before the Big Game to 41.9 afterwards.

Different Metrics Give Different Results

So, who cares if different metrics produce different winners? Well, I saw the perfect answer last week in an article by The New York Times, which quoted remarks made by Marc S. Pritchard, the chief brand officer at Procter Gamble, at a recent conference held by the Interactive Advertising Bureau. Pritchard said, “We spend enormous amounts of time trying to understand, analyze and explain the differences between Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, Snapchat, Pinterest, Pandora, YouTube and the dozens of different viewability standards claimed to be right metric for each platform.” He added, “Think about that for a moment. It would be like each NFL football team having a different standard of yards needed for a first down.”

I totally agree. And having different metrics determine different winners among Super Bowls ads is also kinda, sorta like having different goals and objectives for the Big Game. Did we want to end up on top of a chart, any chart, so we could mention that the next time we need to look for a new client or a new job? Or, was our Super Bowl ad trying to increase brand lift, engagement, buzz, word of mouth, purchase intent, or sales of our company’s or client’s product?

In addition, consider what happened when the fourth quarter ended in a 28-28 tie and went into overtime. (Hint: For sports fans, there was a coin toss to see who got the football first. For Big Game advertisers, four more TV commercials ran in the overtime period, bringing the total ad load in Super Bowl 2017 to 51 minutes, 30 seconds. That made this the second-most ad-cluttered Big Game behind only Super Bowl 2013, which totaled 51:40.)

So, was overtime a good thing or a bad thing? You’ll get different answers from New England fans than you’ll get from Atlanta fans. And if you’ve paid $5 million for a 30-second spot, how do you feel? Oh, and consider this: Super Bowl 2017 was watched by 111.3 million people in the US, according to Nielsen. That’s the smallest TV audience since 2013.

Mar-a-Lago planning pics raising security concerns

WASHINGTON — Photos snapped at President Trump’s Mar-a-Lago estate in Florida showing him engaged in what appeared to be an international security meeting over dinner — in full view of members of a swanky exclusive club on the property — only added to the list of problems for former National Security Adviser Michael Flynn before his resignation last night.

Richard DeAgazio, a 72-year-old Boston-based businessman and part-time actor, captured photos Saturday of Trump, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and several Trump aides reviewing documents on the estate’s candlelit patio dining room by the light of aides’ cellphones — all in full view of the other diners. The photos were taken just as news broke that North Korea conducted its farthest-reaching missile test launch yet.

“HOLY MOLY!!! It was fascinating to watch the flurry of activity at dinner when the news came that North Korea had launched a missile in the direction of Japan,” DeAgazio said in a Facebook post, which included a photo of him with the member of Trump’s security team responsible for carrying the nuclear launch code in a briefcase known as the “football.”

The Facebook post was later made private, then DeAgazio deleted his Facebook account altogether. Efforts by the Herald to reach him were unsuccessful, but he told The Washington Post seeing Trump in action shows “he’s a man of the people.”

But security experts and Democratic leaders laid the blame for the incident with Flynn, who was already under fire for charges that he spoke with Russian officials before Trump was sworn into office.

“This provides further evidence that the Trump national security apparatus has not yet gotten its act together,” said Andrew J. Bacevich, professor emeritus in international relations and history at Boston University.

“As national security adviser, (Flynn) would be the individual primarily responsible for ensuring that national security decisions are made and information disseminated in careful and orderly way,” said Bacevich, a former U.S. Army officer.

House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi also blamed Flynn in a tweet, one of a number of Democrats that called for him to be ousted in the hours before he resigned: “There’s no excuse for letting an international crisis play out in front of a bunch of country club members like dinner theater. #FireFlynn”

Last night White House spokesman Sean Spicer said that Trump and Abe were discussing logistics about the press briefing they held, and they had been briefed before the dinner.

4 Predictions for Video Marketing in 2017

Brad Jefferson, CEO at Animoto highlights how the omnipresence of video content in 2017 will impact everything from marketing strategy to the job market

When I shared my predictions on the video space with MarTech Advisor around this time last year, online video consumption was on a steady rise. Today, video consumption is at an all-time high — in fact, in 2017, video content will represent 74 percent of all internet traffic. And as a result, more marketers than ever will be using the medium to connect with consumers.

Here are four trends we can expect to see this year:

1.Businesses embrace more than just video; they embrace video marketing strategy

In November 2014, Mark Zuckerberg predicted that the majority of Facebook traffic would be video in five years. The rate of growth of video on Facebook has consistently increased. In 2014, Facebook saw two billion daily video views on their platform. A recent report from Facebook shows that, in just a year, the social media platform is now driving over 8 billion video views per day. Numbers like this show that it will be vital for large and small brands alike to make video a part of their marketing strategy if they want to remain competitive.

2. In 2016, SMB’s followed big business marketers. Now, big businesses turn to smaller businesses for social video inspiration

Last year, we predicted that SMB’s would be adopting the marketing trends of big brands, and they did, with more small businesses than ever embracing video. But now we’re seeing this theme reverse itself. This year, big brands and marketers will be following the trends of SMB’s, whose approach to social media relies heavily on DIY video creation. Professional marketers at large companies will become “DIY Marketers,” trading highly produced videos for scrappy but timely and engaging ones — even if they don’t have any video experience.

3. Video marketing will become a must-have job skill

For recent college graduates and job seekers, video marketing competency is a highly marketable skill that will grow in demand throughout 2017. College graduates have a native understanding of using video on social, which is an asset for companies who want to tell their story using video. In a survey Animoto conducted this year, surveying more than 1,000 professional marketers and 1,000 small- and medium-sized business owners, respondents said they view video marketing skills as a more desirable skill for their team in the next 12 months compared to email, design, and written marketing materials. (Animoto’s 2016 Social Video Forecast) Hubspot’s CEO, Brian Halligan, agrees– his advice? “Stop looking for that blogger and start looking for that videographer. 50% of your content mixture should be text and video. You need to make the shift to what your consumers are on.”

4. Business video uploads to Facebook will triple

In Facebook’s Q3 2017 earnings call, the company reported that 3 million businesses uploaded at least one video to their Facebook Business page per month. This number has doubled in the last six months, and I predict that pace will continue to gain steam. As video becomes an essential marketing tool, and software is available that makes it easy for any size business to create compelling video, I see there being 10 million businesses uploading video to their business page each month by end of 2017.

Whether you are a marketing video expert, or just beginning to experiment with the possibilities, 2017 will offer a great opportunity to expand your video marketing efforts and take advantage of all the medium has to offer to connect with your customers.

7 Biggest Jaw-Droppers at the 2017 Grammys

3. Adele Takes a Mulligan: A year after her performance on the same stage was marred by technical difficulties, the now 15-time Grammy winner opened the show flawlessly with « Hello »…but for what could have been a variety reasons—the unfamiliar arrangement, lack of prep time, nerves, emotions, who knows?—she stopped mid-performance of George Michael‘s « Fastlove, » unhappy with the sound.

« I know it’s live TV, I’m so sorry, I f–ked up, I can’t do it again like last year, » she said. « I’m sorry for swearing and I’m sorry for starting again. Can we please start it again? I’m sorry, » Adele apologized again, shaking her head, as the audience erupted in applause. « I can’t mess this up for him. I’m sorry. I can’t, I’m sorry for swearing…I’m sorry, Ken [Erlich, executive producer]. »

Adele proceeded to start over, and was perfect. Still, she looked visibly distressed even as she received a standing ovation, then she hurried offstage.

The night immediately perked up once again, with Adele winning Song of the Year for « Hello »; she once again apologized (believe us, dear, you are forgiven) and mouthed « I love you » to Beyoncé (after beating her in the category). Co-writer Greg Sulkin was immediately cut off, however, resulting in a chorus of boos just as Solange of all people was getting the spotlight to present.

So when Adele won for Record of the Year later, she let Sulkin kick things off. « You cut him off last time! » she scolded the show.

188000 evacuated, emergency declared as California’s massive Oroville Dam threatens floods

About 188,000 residents near Oroville, Calif., were ordered to evacuate Sunday after a hole in an emergency spillway in the Oroville Dam threatened to flood the surrounding area. Thousands clogged highways leading out of the area headed south, north and west, and arteries major and minor remained jammed as midnight approached on the West Coast.

Even as they fled, however, the flow of water over the spillway halted late in the evening, stabilizing the crisis. But officials warned the damaged infrastructure could create further dangers as storms approach in the week ahead, and it remained unclear when residents might be able to return to their homes.

Lake Oroville is one of California’s largest man-made lakes, with 3.5 million acre-feet of water and 167 miles of shoreline, and the 770-foot-tall Oroville Dam is the nation’s tallest, about 44 feet higher than the Hoover Dam on the Colorado River. The lake is the linchpin of California’s government-run water delivery system, sending water from the Sierra Nevada for agriculture in the Central Valley and for residents and businesses in Southern California.

After a record-setting drought, California has been battered by potentially record-setting rain, with the Northern California region getting 228 percent more than its normal rainfall for this time of year. The average annual rainfall of about 50 inches had already been overtaken with 68 inches in 2017 alone.

There was never any danger of the dam collapsing. The problem was with the spillways, which are safety valves designed to release water in a controlled fashion, preventing water from topping over the wall of the colossal dam that retains Lake Oroville.

Earlier this week, unexpected erosion crumbled through the main spillway, sending chunks of concrete flying and creating a large hole. Then sheets of water began spilling over the dam’s emergency spillway for the first time in its nearly 50-year history.

Water from rain and snow rapidly flowed into the lake, causing it to rise to perilous levels, and sending water down the wooded hillside’s emergency spillway, carrying murky debris into the Feather River below.

“Once we have damage to a structure like that, it’s catastrophic,” Bill Croyle, acting director of the state’s Department of Water Resources, said in a 10 p.m. news conference Sunday, in reference to the erosion of the main spillway. “We determined we could not fix the hole. You don’t just throw a little bit of rock in it.”

Anticipating a possible catastrophe for the Lake Oroville area, located about 75 miles north of Sacramento and about 25 miles southeast of Chico, the Butte County Sheriff’s Office ordered evacuations, adding in a news release that this was “NOT a drill.”

But as the reservoir’s water levels lowered, the flows over the emergency spillway ceased late Sunday night.

California Gov. Jerry Brown (D) issued an emergency order to boost the state’s response to the evacuation efforts and spillway crisis, which Brown called “complex and rapidly changing.” Despite the minimized threats, Butte County Sheriff Kory Honea said in a news conference at about 10 p.m. local time Sunday that he would not be lifting the mandatory evacuation order until water resources officials had a better grasp on the anticipated risks.


Aerial view of the damaged Oroville spillway. (DWR)

The evacuation took residents by surprise.

April Torlone, 18, was at work at a Dollar General in Live Oak, Calif., Sunday evening when she received a flood emergency alert on her phone. She hurried home, she said, where she had about 10 minutes to gather some clothes and her late father’s ashes.

Torlone drove with her mother and sister to her grandmother’s house in Sacramento, arriving well after midnight. The roughly 40-mile trip took six hours, she said. Gas stations were packed and stores were running out of food. Along the way, they saw more than 30 people camped out in their cars on the side of the road, many with trunks full of belongings, Torlone said.

“I just hope everyone is safe and finds a place to stay, and that no one’s homes are damaged,” she told The Washington Post. “It’s honestly so sad.”

Shelters, churches, schools and seven Sikh temples opened their doors, and people offered to open their homes to strangers via Twitter messages. Hotels and motels out-of-harm’s-way filled up quickly, creating little communities of the suddenly displaced.

The dam itself remained structurally sound through the evening, the state Department of Water Resources (DWR) said.

In a news conference Sunday night, Honea said helicopters would be deployed to drop bags of rocks into the crevice and prevent any further erosion.

Officials doubled the flow of water out of the nearly mile-long primary spillway to 100,000 cubic feet per second, helping to reduce the lake’s levels. The normal flow is about half as much, but increased flows are common at this time of year, during peak rain season, officials said.

Croyle said that the lake would need to lower almost 50 feet to reach levels at which the system would normally operate. Croyle said that personnel were unable to access the eroded emergency spillway Sunday to do repair work. Officials aimed to continue to discharge as much water as possible ahead of upcoming storms, without adding too much pressure to the already damaged infrastructure.

“Our goal is to be able to use that infrastructure throughout this wet season,” Croyle said. Forecasts indicate that dry weather will dominate through Tuesday, but a series of Pacific storms are expected to arrive across the region Wednesday into Thursday, bringing up to four inches of rain to parts of the Central Valley, according to the National Weather Service.

Honea called the evacuation order a “critical and difficult decision” and said he recognized it would cause significant dislocations and traffic jams, which it did. Residents of Oroville, a town of 16,000 people, were ordered to head north toward Chico, while other nearby residents drove south toward Sacramento.

“I recognize how tough this situation is on people,” Honea said in the 10 p.m. news conference. “I recognize that we’ve had to displace a lot of people.”

The California National Guard will provide eight helicopters to assist with emergency spillway repair, Adjutant General David S. Baldwin said in a news conference. All 23,000 soldiers and airmen statewide received an alert to be “ready to go if needed,” Baldwin said. The last time such an alert was sent out to the entire California National Guard was the 1992 Los Angeles riots, which erupted after a trial jury acquitted four officers of the Los Angeles Police Department of the use of excessive force in the videotaped arrest and beating of Rodney King.

Officials said 250 law enforcement personnel were being deployed to patrol the evacuated areas.

Travelers reported traffic at a standstill on some routes, especially on Highway 99 between Oroville and Chico.

Nicholas Mertz, a front desk supervisor at Oxford Suites Chico, told The Post that when he started his shift at 3 p.m. on Sunday, the hotel’s 184 rooms were at 54 percent occupancy, but within an hour or two, the rooms reached full capacity. What began as a normal night quickly turned into “hectic craziness, everything all at once,” Mertz said. The hotel’s five phone lines were ringing nonstop, and hundreds of guests came pouring in.

“It’s never happened that fast,” Mertz said. Larger families of five to eight people packed into rooms, without having to pay the usual fees for additional guests, Mertz said, because “in this scenario, it’s whatever you can do.”

Many guests expressed confusion and frustration, while others spoke of their fears: What would happen to the pets they left behind? Would there be looting in the evacuated neighborhoods? Would their homes still be standing when they returned?

“Not only are you just a front desk person you’re kind of like a therapist as well,” Mertz said.

Kyle Dobson, 41, said he was visiting the dam Sunday afternoon from Yuba City, Calif., and noticed that the lake was higher than he had ever seen it. He said he got a call later in the day that Oroville was being evacuated. By the time he got home, Yuba City had also been ordered to evacuate.

Dobson said he and his wife packed about a week’s worth of clothes for themselves and their four young children, and moved pictures and other belongings to the second floor of their two-story home. For now, they are staying put, but if the situation gets worse, they will drive to Sutter, Calif., to stay with family, Dobson said.

“I’ll stay up probably all night, listen to the police scanner and watch the reports come in,” he said. “The river levels — that’s what you’ve got to watch out for.”

Adriana Weidman of Marysville, Calif., said she heard about the evacuation around 5 p.m. Fearing that nearby rivers would overflow, she rushed to pack as much as she could, then got into the car with her husband and two children, she said. By 10 p.m., the family was still sitting in gridlocked traffic on the way to Colfax, Calif., about 45 miles east.

“It’s scary,” Weidman told The Post. “I’m terrified I’m not going to have a home to come home to.”

Out of an “abundance of caution,” inmates were in the process of being evacuated from the Butte County Jail Sunday night, the sheriff’s office wrote on Facebook.

“We needed to get people moving quickly in order to protect the public and save lives if the worst case scenario did come to fruition,” Honea said.

The damaged primary spillway caused water flowing downstream to become muddy and brown with debris earlier this week, threatening the lives of millions of baby Chinook salmon in the Feather River Hatchery below. In a rescue operation, officials with the California Department of Fish and Wildlife successfully moved about 5 million Chinook salmon to a nearby annex, the department said on Facebook.

The other 3 million baby salmon will remain at the main hatchery, where staff and engineers have rigged a system of pumps, pipes and generators and a sediment pond in the hopes of filtering the water enough to support the fish.

Ironically, the state’s five years of drought caused Lake Oroville’s water levels to plunge to a low of 33 percent of capacity, according to the Los Angeles Times. The lake became a poster child for the drought. In a dramatic shift, Northern California witnessed an extraordinarily rainy winter this year that caused waters to rise to their highest levels in decades.

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